Western Governors University (WGU) MGMT4400 C721 Change Management Practice Test

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• Drive discipline: what should innovation leaders help employees do?
• Level 1 leader is best described as:
• Which role has confidence in the idea, challenges the organizational realities of costs and benefits, and gains the political and financial support needed to bring it to reality?
• Culture risk is the risk that strategy and culture will be incompatible, leading to what outcome?
• Which item is a sub-element of Developing Political Support?
• Which Balogun strategy describes big bang, transformational change, such as when a company is acquired by a new parent firm?
• An ERP system implementation is an example of which type of change?
• What describes a Process Owner?
• Which list correctly represents Senge's five disciplines?
• Core competencies are:
• What is the definition of change intervention?
• In Contingency Alignment Framework, internal dimensions include which of the following? Choose the best set.
• Agile Organizations can quickly adapt and respond to new situations because change is central to their culture. Which practices do they value?
• In the Output Phase of the Congruence Model, what is the primary emphasis?
• In Stage 2 Collectivity-Growth with Clear Direction, which statement is characteristic?
• Which statement captures the goal of Step 6 in Warrick's process?
• The Bottoms-ups Approach is characterized by which flow of ideas?
• What does the design approach aim to help leaders develop?
• An Idea Incubator is best described as
• Which are examples of hard dimensions of change?
• Mental models are best described as which of the following?
• Innovation is used to:
• Which statement best describes Learning Organizations?
• Which description best matches an agile organization?
• Level 3 leader is described as:
• Which statement best captures the relationship between innovation and change management?
• Tichy's Change forces are:
• In Appreciative Inquiry, which phase involves co-constructing the future?
• Which leadership level epitomizes personal humility and fierce professional will?
• Strategy innovation involves...
• Which term describes an approach where change is central to culture, enabling rapid adaptation?
• What is the collaborative approach in change management?
• Which concept describes a standalone unit separate from the rest of the organization that is responsible for developing and initiating a major innovation?
• Mental models are best described as?
• Developmental change involves...
• Stage 4 Elaboration- Growth with Coordination emphasizes which practice?
• Which Ackerman and Anderson step involves assessing the situation to determine design requirements and the desired state and analyzing the impact?
• Which feature characterizes the Action Research Model?
• Data warehousing refers to what?
• Stage 4 is described as which of the following?
• Which term best describes the practice of changing people and organizations for positive growth?
• Which role challenges the zeal of the champion and acts as a counterbalance to prevent poor ideas from moving forward?
• Interventions are specific planned activities aimed at increasing organizational effectiveness. Which condition makes an intervention effective?
• Which role removes major organizational barriers to acceptance after the idea has been approved?
• Level 4 leader is described as:
• Which set lists the five elements that support management's effective attainment of organizational goals?
• The Horizontal linkage model involves
• Innovative leaders excel at which combination of leadership behaviors?
• Open innovation includes
• Variety-based positioning serves which of the following?
• Which of the following best describes the purpose of the four Balogun and Hope-Hailey strategies?
• What four terms should organizations emphasize to adapt to continuous change?
• Team learning builds on which concepts?
• Which of the following describes the three types of change mentioned?
• Which of the following is NOT a component of the formal subsystem?
• Which term focuses on reflecting on the present to guide development across learning levels?
• Which item is a component of the formal subsystem?
• Stage 5 Revitalization or Decline- Growth with collaboration and innovation emphasizes which practice?
• In Woolner's five-stage model, which stage is characterized by learning primarily through trial and error?
• Level 5 leader is described as:
• Which statement correctly differentiates data warehousing from business intelligence?
• Which role comes up with a new idea and understands its technical value but has neither the ability nor interest to promote it for acceptance within the organization?
• Innovation leaders must help employees view problems and opportunities differently and envision alternative possibilities.
• Which statement best describes Innovation Roles?
• Which role counterbalances the zeal of the champion by challenging the concept and providing a reality test against established criteria?
• Which of the following is NOT one of the three elements of the Hedgehog concept?
• Which role is responsible for gaining political and financial support needed to bring the idea to reality?
• Greiner's Organizational Life Cycle Stage 1 is best described by which combination?
• Disruptive innovation is best described as:
• Cooperation in innovation refers to
• Duncan's Model is described as a simple big-picture approach for mapping an organization's fit with what?
• The exploration phase includes designing the organization to encourage creativity and the initiation of new ideas. It uses processes such as the bottoms-up approach, internal contests, and idea incubators.
• Which approach emphasizes data-driven analysis to diagnose problems and justify change?
• In Resource Dependency Theory, what is a key motivation for organizational leaders?
• Reactive change occurs when:
• Type 1 error occurs when...
• In Balogun and Hope-Hailey's four strategies, Reconstruction is best described as:
• Incremental or sustaining innovation refers to:
• What does Confronting Brutal Facts mean in practice?
• According to Systems Theory, external environmental changes such as competitors, customers, or government regulations affect the organization in what way?
• Which level of leadership emphasizes their own talent, knowledge, and work habits and is highly capable?
• What is the primary function of a Sponsor in the four roles framework?
• What is the dominant methodological basis for planned change?
• CSR should consider core identity and industry. Which statement best explains this relationship?
• Who is associated with the Five Principles of organizational learning?
• Which term refers to envisioning future possibilities to identify opportunities?
• Access-based positioning is described as serving many needs of many customers in a narrow market by focusing on what?
• Business-level strategies define:
• Which principle emphasizes seeing interrelationships and patterns rather than isolated events?
• Which concept describes an autonomous unit designed to facilitate entrepreneurship within an organization?
• Cultural silos refer to which phenomenon in organizations?
• Which term describes the overall productive capacity gained through deliberate, continual improvement?
• Contingency Alignment Framework emphasizes that internal dimensions should fit and work together to add value to both input and output. Which option best describes this?
• Which item is NOT listed as one of the five pillars necessary for successful change?
• Business intelligence, or data mining, is the high-tech analysis of a company's data for what purpose?
• Which dimension includes creating readiness for change and overcoming resistance to change?
• The hallmark of the flywheel approach is achieving breakthroughs through what process?
• Which is a sub-element of Managing the Transition?
• Which Woolner stage describes a learning organization where learning is fully integrated into day-to-day operations?
• The Hedgehog concept is defined by the intersection of passion, what you can be best at, and what component of the business model?
• In Stage 3 Formalization- Growth with delegation, which statement best describes the stage?
• What are the two essential pieces in organizations that must be integrated effectively to lead to high performance?
• Which Woolner stage emphasizes understanding the need for employee learning and begins to provide internal training?
• Which of the following correctly lists Senge's five disciplines?
• In change management, who is defined as an executive from the organization's line operation who has position authority to direct employees toward organizational goals?
• Level 2 in Dunphy and Stace's Model is Incremental Adjustment. Which description best fits Level 2?
• In the Congruence Model's Transformation Phase, what are the three levels of effectiveness measurement?
• Which concept describes a separate small, informal, autonomous and often secretive group that focuses on breakthrough ideas for businesses?
• Tichy's managerial areas include:
• Which statement best contrasts developmental and transitional change?
• Which level covers the collective skills and knowledge that a group obtains?
• Which approach focuses on reflecting on the present to guide development across learning levels?
• Which statement best describes first-order change?
• Which statement best describes the sequence implied by the "First Who, Then What" principle?
• Systems Theory views organizations as what?
• Which role is focused on testing costs and benefits and advocating for necessary changes within the organization?
• Which leadership level sets high-level standards and motivates toward the vision?
• Balogun and Hope-Hailey's Model Horizontal Axis End Result: Transformation and Realignment. Which option correctly identifies the Horizontal Axis description?
• Which principle is defined as the ability to comprehend the whole and examine interrelationships among parts to identify and solve problems accurately?
• Level 4 in Dunphy and Stace's Model is Corporate Transformation. Which statement best describes this level?
• In the open-systems model of change, which process serves as the middle step used by leadership to transform strategy, structure, systems, and culture into an output?
• Which statement best describes the relationship between change culture and people in agile organizations?
• Stage 3 of Lewin's Change Management model involves which of the following activities?
• In Kotter's 8-Step Change Process, which step focuses on forming a guiding coalition with enough influence to lead the change?
• Which level represents the overall productive capacity an organization gains through an intentional and continual pursuit of improvement?
• In Balogun and Hope-Hailey's Model, the Vertical Axis represents the Nature of Change. Which option correctly identifies this axis?
• According to the Systems Contingency (Congruence) Model, how is organizational effectiveness defined?
• What are the organizational dimensions for planned interventions?
• The Top-down approach seeks to gain what in order to significantly affect intended changes?
• Which term best describes a radical shift in business strategy and changes in vision, mission, culture, and systems, often accompanied by outside recruitment of executives?
• Which concept refers to using past experience to influence future actions?
• In change management, which factor is considered the most critical and challenging?
• Organizations innovate to:
• Which concept best describes a Learning Organization?
• The five pillars are integral to any successful company. Which are they?
• What is organizational inertia?
• In the Open-systems model, Input provides:
• Which trait characterizes an effective change leader?
• Create freedom: what should innovation leaders empower?
• Which term describes practices that promote change and adaptation within the organization?
• CSR is defined as an organization's self-imposed efforts toward positive social, environmental, and ethical impact, considering its core identity and industry.
• How do Innovation Roles relate to idea flow within an organization?
• Which dimension would include "Activity planning" and "Commitment planning"?
• Which model specifically defines that internal dimensions must fit to add value and synergy to input and output?
• Which change describes moving from Stage 2 to Stage 3?
• Innovation leaders must encourage employees to expand understanding of internal and external stakeholders: who they are, how they are interdependent, and the unique contexts in which each operates.
• What does organizational diagnosis refer to?
• Culture's role in change readiness is best described as?
• Which Ackerman and Anderson step focuses on planning, organizing, and implementing the change?
• What does the principle "First Who, Then What" emphasize?
• Process is defined as?
• Which statement best captures the meaning of 'upward communication' in innovative leadership?
• The cooperation phase occurs when the organization creates conditions and systems to bring all stakeholders together, both internal and external, to facilitate ideas and knowledge sharing.
• Which are examples of soft dimensions of change?
• Change Management encompasses approaches used by which professionals to move organizations from a present state to a future state?
• Which step focuses on identifying and managing resistance to change?
• Strategic positioning is the alignment of which elements?
• Which description best captures Level 5 leadership?
• Organizational Development is best described as:
• Which model includes four levels of change with levels Fine-Tuning, Incremental Adjustment, Modular Transformation, and Corporate Transformation?
• What are the three necessary steps of the change process?
• Which activity characterizes the facilitation approach?
• Which Balogun strategy corresponds to incremental change with the end result of realignment and is the least intrusive?
• In the Transformation Phase of the Congruence Model, the effectiveness is reflected at which focus?
• Which model is described as open-systems and includes Input and Output concepts?
• In Kotter's 8-Step Change Process, which step involves establishing a sense of urgency to motivate change?
• Balogun and Hope-Hailey's Four Strategies include Evolution, Adaption, and Revolution. Which statement best describes Evolution?
• Greiner's model describes growth as moving through periods of stability with embedded crises.
• Which item is the final phase in the Action Research Model?
• Which discipline focuses on the ongoing commitment by individuals to personal growth and learning?
• Duncan's Model identifies two environmental dimensions. What are they?
• Long-Term Approach focuses on lasting effects through changes in cultural norms. It includes interventions that alter which aspects?
• Learning Organizations emphasize expanding capacity and seeing the whole. This evolution occurs at which levels?
• In the four roles of innovation, what is the primary function of a Champion?
• A key criterion for an intervention is that it transfers management competence to whom?
• Which characteristic best describes Modular Transformation?
• Stage 5 practice includes which approach for solving problems?
• Which statement best defines management?
• Which Balogun strategy is used when the change is incremental and the end result is realignment, with the least intrusive impact?
• Which dimension is described by including the element "Depicting Change" as one of the dimensions?
• In Ackerman and Anderson's model, which step comes after assessing the situation?
• Which concept involves envisioning possible futures to identify and pursue new opportunities?
• In the cooperation phase, which approach is used to facilitate ideas and knowledge sharing with external parties?
• The Stakeholder Approach is described as:
• Sustainability refers to an organization's responsibility to maintain its operations and relevance to all stakeholders, including considerations for the physical environment, into the future.
• Creating readiness for change is part of which dimension in Cumming & Worley?
• How should the five pillars be treated to ensure change is successful?
• Operational and functional-level strategies describe:
• What are the two traditional methods of managing?
• Internal coordination involves
• Human capital refers to:
• What does an Inventor do in the four roles framework?
• Which Balogun strategy corresponds to incremental change that yields transformation in the end?
• Which statement best characterizes the purpose of a Top-down approach?
• Which level of organizational learning is defined as the skills and knowledge an employee gains through study and/or observation?
• Trickle up or reverse innovation refers to:
• Which trait best describes innovative leaders' communication style?
• The primary purpose of business intelligence data mining is to support what?
• Needs-based positioning is about choosing a strategy based on what?
• Which set comprises the four roles of innovation?
• Stage 2 of Lewin's Change Management model involves which of the following?
• Which principle is described as essential for implementing and sustaining a major change initiative and starts with leadership?
• Which role prevents people in the other roles from adopting a bad idea by challenging it against established criteria?
• What constitutes an internal change?
• What is the role of a Critic?
• Type 2 error occurs when...
• Level 3 in Dunphy and Stace's Model is Modular Transformation. Which statement best describes this level?
• Which organizational structure is typically associated with an agile organization?
• External coordination occurs when organizations
• Level 1 in Dunphy and Stace's Model is called Fine-Tuning. Which description best fits this level?
• Which phase emphasizes viewing customers and external stakeholders as partners and involves collaboration with external parties?
• Stage 1 of Lewin's Change Management model is Unfreezing. What does this stage primarily do?
• Which statement best matches Step 4 of Warrick's six-step change implementation process?
• Which principle asserts that no learning occurs without personal mastery?
• Which concept emphasizes long-term responsibility to stakeholders and environment?
• Lewin's force-field analysis describes change as the result of which of the following?
• Under which dimension are the elements "Assessing change agent power" and "Identifying key stakeholders" categorized?
• Which level of intervention corresponds to broad, organization-wide change?
• Which three external forces are included in Tichy's Model?
• Where does the Congruence Model begin its analysis?
• Change Management encompasses approaches used by which specialists?
• Survival Learning is also referred to as what, and what does it emphasize?
• Product innovation is defined as the process of bringing to life a new product or service to solve a perceived customer need that will provide a benefit.
• Under the Creating a Vision dimension, which element is listed?
• Which principle is defined as the process of aligning and developing the capacities of a team to create the results its members truly desire?
• Which is NOT a sub-element of Sustaining Momentum?
• Proactive change is best described as:
• Which concept focuses on the capabilities and costs of the workforce as an asset?
• Transformational change involves the emergence of a new, unknown state for the organization. Which term best describes this type of change?
• Which of the following is a step in Ackerman and Anderson's change process model?
• What is an Executive Information System?
• Transitional change consists of an implementation to achieve a known desired state that is different from the existing one. Which example illustrates this?
• Closed innovation is defined as
• Which concept best describes the ability to see the whole and interrelationships to solve problems accurately?
• In the Input Phase of the Congruence Model, which element is emphasized?
• Process or production innovations are described as...
• Tichy's Model explains change as:
• Which principle emphasizes continually clarifying and deepening personal vision, focusing energies, developing patience, and seeing reality objectively, with no learning occurring without personal mastery?
• Managers and employees can become disillusioned, lose motivation, and become resistant under what circumstances?
• In the Open-systems model, Output is:
• Which Woolner stage begins to solidify business models and products and can set up formal, proactive learning situations through training with outsiders?
• Lewin's Change Management model comprises which three stages?
• Level 5 leadership is described as which of the following?
• In Appreciative Inquiry, which phase involves delivering and sustaining the change?
• Which type of innovation emphasizes incremental improvements to sustain a product line and reduce risk?
• Which statement best describes the relationship among Senge's five disciplines in enabling change?
• Which term describes a learning culture in which employees are interdependent, alternate between student and teacher roles, and feedback is supported?
• What term describes the organization's strongest capabilities formed by production skills and technologies?
• The phrase "Innovation vs Change Management" implies:
• Level 2 leader is defined as:
• Which statement best describes self-designing organizations?
• Built to change organizations describes organizations that:
• Which statement best captures the idea that there is no single best strategy, structure, or culture in the Congruence Model?
• Which level of intervention is best described as broad, organization-wide change?
• Which statement best differentiates first-order change from second-order change?
• Which Woolner stage portrays learning as part of the strategic plan, supporting long-term growth at multiple levels?
• Contingency theory views organizational dimensions as parts of a whole that fit together. When one dimension is out of sync, what happens?
• Which role is a high level manager who approves the idea, protects the idea, and removes major organizational barriers to acceptance?
• Which of the following best describes traits of successful change leaders?
• How is Vision defined?
• The flywheel concept emphasizes what kind of effort?
• Which role recognizes the technical value of an idea but lacks interest in promoting it within the organization?
• Which statement best describes the collaborative approach?
• Which concept describes a group that operates independently from the main organization to pursue breakthrough business ideas?
• Contingency theory posits that organizational dimensions must fit together. Which dimensions are listed?
• Which statement is NOT a characteristic of Greiner's Stage 1?
• Which is a core competency of OD change agents according to the analytical approach?
• Which role would be most closely associated with protecting and promoting a promising idea after it has received approval?